It is ignorant to think that the phase of the harvest of the grapes is the more simple than phase of the production of wine. The viticulture is the stage that precede the harvest; this consists in the employment of techniques related to the cultivation of grapes, those will determine the success of the product. The harvesting doesn’t happens in random periods of the year, in fact they are chosen according to the type of wine producted: for the production of early wines like Pinot, we will proceed in the months of August and September, for most of the wines like Sangiovese we will harvest in the months of September and October. Finally, for late maturing wines like Nebbiolo the ideal period is October- November. In order to understand when the grapes must be cultivated must analyze the relationship between sugars and acids present in the grape, this operation is repeated for several days until, desired balance remains unchanged for several days. This phase is determined by the climatic conditions, from the production area, the type of grape and wine to be produced. The technology development has determined a diversification of the harvest, this can be done manually, for small production wines or for wine of high quality, or mechanically. The mechanical harvest is done with machines that have different dimensions, for a small plot of lands using driving machines that are attached to the tractor while using self-propelled machines for big vineyard. In both the methods the grapes must be dry, in addition we mustn’t harvest during the hot hours of the day because this can initiates fermentation that damages the product. Even the stages of winemaking and preservation are very delicate and crucial for a quality production.